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GOSLAR (Goslar), a town in the German state of lower Saxony. The population of 43,4 thousand people (2006). Located South of Braunschweig.
Goslar was Founded in the X century as a settlement of miners, mined silver and copper. The first mention of Goslar Palatinate as belong to the years 1005-1015. In the middle of the XI century Goslar Palatinate is one of the main residences of the German emperors. In XI - beginning of XIII century in Goslar met 23 of the Reichstag. In 1219 kodugallur was granted city privileges. With 1290 Goslar - free Imperial city. Since the beginning of the XIV century member of the Hanseatic League. In 1528году in Goslar conducted the reformation. In 1552 moved to Braunschweig. After the occupation in 1632 during the Thirty years war of 1618-1648 years, Swedish troops came to economic decline. In 1728 and 1780 suffered greatly from fires. In the years 1802-1803 annexed to Prussia, in 1807 - to the Westphalian Kingdom, in 1815, to Hanover, and in 1866 again to Prussia. Since 1945 in the British zone of occupation, since 1946 part of lower Saxony.
In the city center with a rectangular plan and inside the partially preserved city walls with towers and gates (the"Broad gate", the XVI century) is located:, the ensemble of the Imperial Palatinate (XI-XIII century; reconstructed in the years 1868-1879; main hall - 1082 year; the chapel of St. Ulrich - beginning of XII century; now a Museum), the Cathedral (XI century), market square with town Hall (late XV - beginning of XVI century; now a Museum) and the Church of Saints Cosmas and Damian (1151). Also preserved Romanesque Church - Overcharge (2-nd half of the XII century - 1220-ies), Frankenberger (XII century, rebuilt around 1500), St. James (1073 year, rebuilt around 1500); numerous half-timbered houses of the XV-XIX century (including the "House of the monks", 1528 year, since 1978 the Museum of modern art). Other museums: urban, late medieval history (the tower of Zwinger, 1517-1524 years). Fountain Marktbrunnen with the Imperial eagle (XII-XIV century).
Near Goslar and the mines in the Rammelsberg, which was conducted from 968 to 1988 (now a Museum). The historical part of Goslar, together with the mines in the Rammelsberg UNESCO world heritage site.